Judul : French Researchers Uncover mRNA's Cancer-Fighting Power
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French Researchers Uncover mRNA's Cancer-Fighting Power
Within a laboratory in the French city of Orleans, researchers are exploring the potential of molecules in our body known as messenger RNA—famously utilized in Covid-19 vaccines—in an effort to develop a significant advancement in treating a highly lethal form of cancer.
Ribonucleic acid, or RNA, are molecules that transport genetic data from the DNA found in each cell of the body to produce particular proteins.
"For cancer, this message will enhance the patient's capacity to combat tumors effectively," said Dimitri Szymczak, project manager at the ART lab of the French research institute INSERM in Orleans, according to AFP.
Although mRNA was identified in the early 1960s, it gained worldwide recognition when researchers utilized it to rapidly create advanced vaccines during the Covid-19 crisis, leading to a Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2023.
Currently, the majority of research within the field centers on creating vaccines to combat cancer, although mRNA presents "numerous other potential applications," stated Chantal Pichon, head of the ART lab.
"It can help enhance the immune system and address issues with cell function," targeting rare or genetic conditions — and even manage allergies, she mentioned.
Over 200 mRNA clinical trials are currently being carried out by major pharmaceutical companies and emerging startups globally, with numerous projects based in the United States, China, and Japan, according to Pichon.
However, she mentioned that France has "some of the top fundamental research teams focusing on mRNA."
At the ART lab in Orleans, the researchers are developing various types of mRNA to "test them on cells to ensure they are non-toxic and effective," according to Szymczak.
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RNA utilized in experiments is typically synthesized in laboratory settings, a costly method frequently protected by patents held by American companies.
Nevertheless, several scientists at the lab are exploring a different approach by producing the RNAs in yeast, which could reduce expenses by a factor of 10 to 50.
However, these RNAs must then be purified and examined to ensure they comply with the standards of the pharmaceutical sector.
A different group is working on developing a new therapy for pancreatic cancer, a disease with a very poor survival rate following diagnosis.
The survival rate has increased "from 5% in 2000 to 10% now," stated ART gastroenterologist Birane Beye.
The minimal progress made over twenty years of work indicates "that treatments such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy are not functioning effectively," he remarked.
Looking for a breakthrough, French researchers are attempting to merge an mRNA vaccine with ultrasound techniques.
"The goal is to utilize the mRNA to train immune cells to protect against this highly aggressive form of cancer," Beye explained.
First, a strong ultrasound is employed to "induce vibrations within the tissue that produce gas bubbles," he mentioned.
When these bubbles pop, they break down the protective layer around pancreatic cancer — similar to a fortress — enabling the mRNA vaccine to enter the tumor.
Thus far, they have demonstrated that ultrasounds can be applied to the pancreas — and that this method can enhance the outcomes of traditional therapies.
Up next, researchers aim to harness the potential of mRNA to improve the survival rates of individuals with pancreatic cancer.
Thursday marks World Pancreatic Cancer Day, an initiative focused on raising awareness about this severe form of cancer.
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