Judul : Samsung Foundry Surpasses 2nm to Outpace TSMC
link : Samsung Foundry Surpasses 2nm to Outpace TSMC
Samsung Foundry Surpasses 2nm to Outpace TSMC
Samsung Electronics' foundry division, which is involved in semiconductor contract manufacturing, had significantly lagged behind Taiwan's TSMC but has now achieved technological competitiveness and is gradually closing the gap. Samsung initially faced challenges with low yields when it first introduced its advanced 3nm (1 nanometer equals one-billionth of a meter) process, but has recently achieved stability in its 2nm technology after the 3nm process and is working hard to reduce the difference with TSMC. Industry experts anticipate that Samsung Foundry will successfully transition to profitability from 2027, when the operational efficiency of the Taylor Fab (factory) in Texas, U.S., which is set to start operations next year, improves, and will then begin a comprehensive effort to challenge TSMC.
◇ Increasing 2nm Production
A market research company, Counterpoint Research, forecasted on the 20th that Samsung Electronics' 2nm manufacturing capacity would grow from 8,000 wafers per month in 2024 to 21,000 wafers by the end of the following year, representing a 163% rise. With the yield of Samsung's 2nm process becoming more stable, the company is increasing its production. "As Samsung gains additional clients in mobile devices, supercomputers, and AI, the progress in its 2nm technology is expected to be a key milestone," said Counterpoint Research. "If yield improvements continue and mass production at the Taylor Fab in the U.S. goes smoothly, Samsung is anticipated to significantly reduce the competitive gap with TSMC in advanced manufacturing processes for the first time in several generations."
Samsung's 2nm manufacturing process yield is reportedly now between 55-60%. With increasing yields, the company has been attracting significant clients for its advanced fine processes. In July, it entered into an agreement with Tesla to manufacture next-generation AI6 chips valued at $16.5 billion (around 24.28 trillion South Korean won). Furthermore, Samsung has obtained orders from Chinese firms MicroBT and Canaan for its System LSI division's in-house smartphone application processor, the Exynos 2600, Apple's image sensors, and mining-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). There are also hopes that Samsung might secure an order for Qualcomm's application processor.
◇ Adaptive Pricing Model Draws in Shoppers
As per the data from market research company TrendForce, TSMC maintained a leading 70.2% position in the foundry sector during the second quarter, with Samsung Electronics holding 7.3%. The difference in market share, which had reduced to 30 percentage points in 2019, has kept increasing.
Nevertheless, the technology sector thinks Samsung has the potential to rival TSMC in the 2nm process. Samsung launched the new GAA (Gate-All-Around) process at 3nm, a technology that reduces current leakage and greatly enhances performance and power efficiency when compared to the traditional FinFET design. Samsung implemented GAA starting from 3nm, whereas TSMC plans to introduce it at 2nm. "Samsung acquired extensive experience with GAA while dealing with challenges in the 3nm process," mentioned an industry expert. "This places Samsung in a different position than TSMC, which is just starting to adopt the new process."
At present, TSMC is inundated with orders from key clients such as NVIDIA and Apple. As a result, TSMC is said to have raised the cost of its 2nm wafers by 50% in comparison to earlier generations. This situation may provide an advantage to Samsung. In contrast to TSMC, Samsung is drawing in customers through a more adaptable pricing approach. Moreover, as Samsung concentrates on securing production capacity across multiple processes, its foundry sales are beginning to rebound. Recently, Samsung has obtained production agreements with U.S.-based AI semiconductor startups Charbite (4nm), Anaphae (28nm), and South Korean startup DeepX (2nm). "TSMC is having difficulty accepting new orders as it focuses on handling large volumes for major tech companies like NVIDIA and Apple, and has also increased wafer prices," stated a source within the semiconductor industry. "This is creating a gap in the market that Samsung can take advantage of."
◇ Aiming for Profitability
The technology sector anticipates that Samsung Foundry, which has experienced quarterly losses in the tens of billions of won over multiple years, will achieve profitability from 2027. This expectation is based on higher operational efficiency at the Austin Fab and the commencement of mass production of Tesla's AI6 chips at the Taylor Fab in 2027.
We reached record orders focused on advanced technologies, including major clients for 2nm," the company stated in its third-quarter financial report. "In addition to full-scale mass production of new products using the 2nm technology, we anticipate further performance improvements through ongoing operational efficiency upgrades and cost-saving measures.
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